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Wednesday, 2 April 2014

FUNDAMENTALS of ENGLISH


WHAT IS OBJECTIVE ENGLISH ?



Comprehensive English Language Test is designed to assess the IQ of students about the language including different facets of grammar and its functional usage through Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) within the stipulated time frame. It also aims to identify the quick memory, the capability of the students to co-relate the diverse aspects of the language i.e., logical sequencing; interpretative, evaluative, predictive and creative skills intact.

An analytical overview of the latest trend of model questions being asked at foundation level exams portion-wise is presented here to facilitate you so that you would be able to devise the adequate strategy to improve yourselves for the outstanding performance.

Although, questions from every section mentioned here are not bound to be asked in the test, yet it is better to be informed about the probable topics and their trends.  

The following section-wise questions will serve as model to give you the general idea of the latest trend. This will help you plug your flaws related to language thereby providing an opportunity to rectify them and excel in the upcoming competitions.

Pattern of Questions: At a Glance

Comprehensive English Language Test is designed to assess the IQ of students about the language including different aspects of grammar and its functional usage through Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) within the stipulated time frame. It also aims to identify the quick memory, the capability of the students to co-relate the diverse aspects of the language i.e., logical sequencing; interpretative, evaluative, predictive and creative skills intact.

An analytical overview of the latest trend of model questions being asked at foundation level exams (Classes-VIII/IX/X) portion-wise is presented here to facilitate you so that you would be able to plan the adequate strategy to improve yourselves for the outstanding performance.

Although, questions from every section mentioned here are not bound to be asked in the test, yet it is better to be informed about the probable topics and their trends. 

The following section-wise questions will serve as model to give you the general idea of the latest trend. This will help you plug your flaws related to language thereby providing an opportunity to rectify them and excel in the upcoming competitions.

SECTION-1: SPOTTING ERRORS

Type - I
Instruction: Parts of a sentence are underlined below. You have to point out the underlined part which is unacceptable in standard written English.
Example: Let we hope that the problem in its formidable form will cease to exist. NO ERROR.
                        (A)                    (B)                                (C)                                (D)                    (E)
Answer: (A) – It should be “Let us”

Type -II
Instruction: A sentence is broken up into four parts; you have to figure out the part which is incorrect.
Example: (A) There is no reason            (B) of disagreement       (C) between you and I    (D) on this point.
Answer: (C) – It should be “you and me”

Type -III
Instruction: From the sentences given below, you are required to point out the number of grammatical errors in a single sentence.
Example: Neither unkind remarks or unfriendly attitude have done no harm.
(A) One mistake (B) Two mistakes           (C) Three mistakes         (D) Four mistakes
Answer: (C) – Three mistakes are there i.e., or should be NOR, have should be HAS, no should be ANY.

Type -IV
Instruction: Pick out the incorrect one out of the four sentences given below.
Example:
(A) He was complaining about stomach ache.
(B) Whom do you want to meet – Hari or me?
(C) You should always keep your word.
(D) If he comes, what will you do?
Answer: (A) – It should be “complaining of” instead of complaining about

SECTION-2: VOCABULARY TESTS

Type -I
SYNONYM
Instruction: A single word is followed by four words given as options. You have to pick out the correct word (synonym) from the options.
Example: Pick out the word nearest in meaning of the given bold-lettered word.
Conscious
(A)    Aware                    (B) Oblivious     (C) Unwitting     (D) Dull
Answer: (A) – “Aware” is the correct synonym for ‘Conscious’.

Type -II
ANTONYM
Instruction: Like synonym, a single word is followed by four words given as options. You have to pick out the correct word (antonym) from the options.
Example: Pick out the word opposite in meaning of the given bold-face word.
Rebellious
(A)    Revolutionary         (B) Mutinous     (C) Submissive  (D) Insurgent
Answer: (C) – “Submissive” is the correct antonym for the word ‘Rebellious’.

Type -III
FILL IN THE BLANK
Instruction: Pick out a suitable word from given in the bracket to fill in the blanks to make the sentences meaningful.
Example: Chanakya – a great philosopher, writer of Arthasastra and a royal advisor of ancient India _______ born in a Brahmin clan nearby Taxila. 
(A)   had                   (B) was             (C) were            (D) will  
Answer: (B) - was

Type -IV
ONE WORD SUBSTITUTION
Instruction: One word substitutes a sentence is given below followed by four alternatives; out of which you have to pick out the word, which substitutes the meaning of the sentence correctly.
Example: A government runs by a king or queen.
(A)   Anarchy            (B) Monarchy    (C) Democracy  (D) Bureaucracy 
Answer: (B) - Monarchy

Type - V
PREPOSITION
Instruction: Fill in the blanks by picking out the correct preposition given below. 
Example: Beware ______ a shrewd friend.
(A)   From                (B) of                (C) with             (D) about
Answer: (B) - of   

Type -VI
PHRASES
Instruction: Choose the correct phrase from the given options to complete the sentence.
Example:
Unless you work hard __________________
(A) you may not success
(B) you can’t succeed
(C) you will get success
(D) you are successful
Answer: (B) - you can’t succeed
Type -VII
IDIOMS
Instruction: Mark the correct meaning of the bold-lettered idiom from the given options.
Example:
A chip on your shoulder
(A) Pain in your shoulder
(B) Being upset for something happened in the past
(C) Doubt in your own action
(D) None of these
Answer: (B) - Being upset for something happened in the past

SECTION-3: REARRANGEMENT OF WORDS

Instruction: Rearrange the words into meaningful sentence.
Example: a way / a will / there is / where / there is /
Answer: Where there is a will there is a way.        

SECTION-4: REARRANGEMENT OF SENTENCE

Instruction: Rearrange the jumbled up sentence into a meaningful sentence.
Example: (A) On the (B) Issue is (C) Consideration (D) Progress (E) Hampered (F) By political
(1) DEAFBC                  (2) DAEBFC                  (3) DABEFC                  (4) DABFEC
Answer: (3)


SECTION-5: SENTENCE IMPROVEMENT

Instruction: A part or whole of the sentence is underlined. You have to pick out one option which will express the idea contained in the underlined part.
Example: I am changing my dress, please do not see.
(A)    You are requested not to see
(B)    Kindly do not see
(C)    Please do not look
(D)    No improvement
Answer: (C) - The mistake lies in the word “see” and not in “please”.


SECTION-6: REARRANGEMENT OF ALPHABETS
Example:
1.     DORMITORY, When you rearrange the letters: _____________
Answer: DIRTY ROOM


SECTION-7: DICTIONARY REARRANGEMENT
Example: Arrange the given words into alphabetical order.
Magnate, Industrialist, Conjecture, Guess, Despicable, Contemptible, Medal, Award, Notorious,
Answer: Award, Conjecture, Contemptible, Despicable, Guess, Industrialist, Magnate, Notorious.
SECTION-8: RECONSTRUCTING PARAGRAPHS

Instruction: Sentences of a readable paragraph are given randomly. You have to pick out the correct arrangement to reconstruct the paragraph to make it meaningful.
Example:
(P) Rather it is an outlook.
(Q) We can have insight into politics.
(R) Outlook which gives insight.
(S) Democracy is habit of mind.
(1) PQRS                      (2) QRSP                      (3) SPQR                      (4) RSPQ
Ans.: (3)

SECTION-9: COMPREHENSION / PASSAGE TEST

Instruction: Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

Example: The fiercely independent people of Coorg are possibly of Greek or Arab descent. As one story goes, a part of Alexander’s army moved towards South along the coast and settled there. When returned became impractical. These people married amongst the locals and their culture is apparent in the martial traditions, marriage and religious rites, which are distinct from the Hindu mainstream. The theory of Arab origin draws support from the long, black coat with an embroidered waist-belt worn by the Kodavus known as kuppia which resembles the kuffia worn by the Arabs and the Kurds.

1. The word ‘possibly’ means
(A) The writer has good reasons to believe that the Coorgs are of Greek or Arab descent.
(B) The writer is not sure.
(C) The writer is stating a fact.
(D) The writer says that it is unlikely.

2. Returned became ‘impractical’ means
(A)  The Greeks could not go back.
(B)  The Greeks wanted to stay back.
(C)  They found it difficult to go back.
(D)  They found it frivolous to go back.

3. ‘Distinct from the Hindu mainstream’ means
(A)  Clear
(B)  Differentiated
(C)   Similar
(D)  Obscure

4. The Arab origin of the Coorg implies
(A)   How the Arab originated
(B)   How the idea that the Coorgs are of Arab origin originated
(C)   How a theory originated among Arabs
(D)   Living in Coorg is same as living in Iraq

5. Find the adjective that describes the Coorg
(A)  Independent
(B)  Impractical
(C)  Protective of their identity
(D)  Distinct

Answer:   1. (A) 2. (C)                3. (B)                4. (B)                5. (B)


SECTION-10: CLOSE TEST

Instruction: A well-connected paragraph with a number of blank spaces is given. For each blank space you have to choose one word for filling the space to make the paragraph meaningful.

Example: Muskan was a boy of eight. His home was not ___ (1) ___ school. So he often walked there and back every day. ___ (2) ___ school, he passed a playground. There was much water in it when it rained. One day, when Muskan came home, he was all wet. His mother became ___ (3) ___ and said, “___ (4) ___ in the water on your way." The next day Muskan came back all wet again. His mother became ___ (5) ___.
1. (A) far from               (B) too far away                        (C) from near                 (D) far away to
2. (A) in middle              (B) go to                       (C) by the way               (D) on his way to 
3. (A) glad                     (B) angry                       (C) happy                      (D) sad
4. (A) not to swim          (B) don't play                (C) don't fall                  (D) keep away
5. (A) worried about       (B) even angrily             (C) even surprised         (D) even angrier

Answer: 1. (A)   2. (D)                3. (B)                4. (B)                5. (D)


SECTION-11: ENGLISH APTITUDE TESTS

Type -I
MISSPELLED WORDS
Instruction: Pick out the word commonly misspelled.
Example: (A) Sleeplessness (B) Alzhiemer         (C) Behavioural (D) Antidepressants
Answer: (B) - Alzheimer

Type -II
ODD MAN OUT
Instruction: Pick the odd one out from the group given.
Example: (A) NTSE                   (B) CBSE          (C) ICSE           (D) CHSE
Answer: (A) – All others are Boards whereas NTSE is an Exam.

Type -III
ANALOGY / RELATIONSHIP
Instruction: Find out the relation between given two words and pick up one word from the options that bears the same relation.
Example:
Odisha: Coal :: Karnataka: __________
(A) Iron
(B) Gold
(C) Copper
(D) Bauxite
Answer: (B)Gold

Type -IV
CROSS WORDS

SECTION-12: MEMORY BASED TEST

Type -I
CHANGE OF GENDER
Instruction: Change the gender of the given word.
Example: What is the feminine gender of poet?
(A) Poets          (B) Poeties        (C) Poetess       (D) Poetes
Answer: (C) - Poetess

Type -II
HOME, YOUNG ONES, SOUND & GROUP Names of Animals
Instruction: According to the question asked in exam, you have to find out the correct name.
Example: Name the home of hen.
(A) Cage           (B) Coop           (C) Pen             (D) Sty
Answer: (B) - Coop

Type –III
RECALL TEST
Instructions: In this format, one lengthy passage will be given. You have to read the passage within a stipulated time then it will be taken back from you. You have to give answer of the questions what you remember from the passage.

Type –IV
WHAT IS WHAT


CONTENTS:

1.     Objective English: An Overview
2.     Spotting the Error
3.     Synonyms-EVT
4.     Antonyms-EVT
5.     Fill in the Blanks-EVT
6.     One Word Substitution-EVT
7.     Prepositions-EVT
8.     Phrases/Idioms-EVT
9.     Rearrangement of Words
10.  Sentence Rearrangement
11.  Rearrangement of Alphabets
12.  Dictionary Rearrangement
13.  Reconstructing Paragraphs
14.  Passages/Comprehension Test
15.  Close Test
16.  Misspelled Words-EAT
17.  Odd Man Out-EAT
18.  Analogy/Relationship-EAT
19.  Cross Words-EAT
20.  Genders-MBT
21.  Home/Young one/Sound/Group name of Animals-MBT
22.  What is What-MBT


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